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Pangu-Weather is a deep learning-based system developed by Huawei for fast and accurate global weather forecasts. The name Pangu comes from Chinese mythology and symbolizes the creation of heaven and earth. This model represents a breakthrough as it is the first AI prediction model to demonstrate greater accuracy than conventional numerical weather prediction methods. It is initialized with the analysis of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). The system has been trained with 43 years of hourly global weather data from the fifth generation of ECMWF reanalysis (ERA5). A key technology behind Pangu-Weather is the "3D Earth Specific Transformer" (3DEST) architecture, which was developed specifically for processing three-dimensional weather data. The model works with a horizontal resolution of 0.25 degrees. The datasets are updated twice daily with near real-time data (00Z and 12Z initializations).

Copyright statement
Forecast maps derived from the AI Weather Prediction (AIWP) Model Reforecast Archive produced by CIRA and NOAA-GSL. Citation: Radford et al, BAMS 106, E68-E76 (2025), DOI:10.1175/BAMS-D-24-0057.1. Data are released as open data with no use restrictions; provided “as is” with no warranties.